Liver pathologyAdvancedAnnotated

Hepatocellular carcinoma versus dysplastic nodule

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Clinical history

59-year-old with cirrhosis under surveillance, 24 mm arterialised nodule.

Specimen

Core biopsy · Stain: H&E and reticulin

Microscopic description

Increased cell density with thickened trabeculae, reticulin loss, unpaired arteries and mild cytological atypia.

Diagnostic question

Which ancillary stains support the diagnosis?

Reveal differential diagnosis
  • High-grade dysplastic nodule
  • Focal nodular hyperplasia
  • Hepatocellular adenoma
Reveal final diagnosis

Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma

Learning points

  • Reticulin loss is a key discriminator
  • Glypican-3, HSP70 and glutamine synthetase form a useful panel
  • Correlate with imaging and clinical context

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All whole-slide images in this library are anonymised and used under appropriate licence. Cases are provided for education only and must not be used for clinical diagnosis.